CONSTRUCTION OF INTRUDER TOUCH ALARM CIRCUIT

ABSTRACT

This project focuses on the construction of touch alarm circuit which is capable of alerting the owner of the present of an individual. When the  circuit  is power the  transistors (T₁T₂) remained reverse bias and no current is seen flowing through them (cut-off mode). Once the human  hand comes in contact with the two probes connected in one panel simultaneously, the T₁ becomes forward  bias and a  signal is  sent through the emitter to the base of T₂ which  also  triggered the T₂ to be forward  biased thereby enhancing the glowing of the LED and sounding of the buzzen. This device can be used  at homes, companies, offices etc. for security and easy identification  of persons as well as creating awareness of the present of persons at the door post.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Tile Page     –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         i

Certification –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         ii

Dedication   –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         iii

Acknowledgements         –         –         –         –         –         –         iv

Abstract       –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         v

Table of Contents  –         –         –         –         –         –         –         vi-viii

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study      –         –         –         –         –         1-4

1.2 Aim and Objectives   –         –         –         –         –         –         5

1.3 Scope and Limitation of the study –         –         –         –         5

1.4 Definition of Terms   –         –         –         –         –         –         5

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1     Existing Intrusion Detection System    –         –         –         6-7

2.2     Intruder Alarm System    –         –         –         –         –         7-8

2.3     Intrusion Detectors –         –         –         –         –         –         8-9

2.3.1  PIR (Passive Infrared motion detectors)        –         –         –         9-12

2.3.2  PET (Pet Immune motion detectors)    –         –         –         –         12-13

2.3.3  Dual Technology Detectors       –         –         –         –         –         13-16

2.3.4  Magnetic Contact   –         –         –         –         –         –         –         16-17

2.3.5  Acoustic Glass Break Detectors –         –         –         –         –         17-18

2.3.6  Vibration/Chock Sensors –         –         –         –         –         –         18

2.4     External Alarm Sounder  –         –         –         –         –         –         18-20

2.5     Hardware Alarm Circuit Configuration         –         –         –         20

2.5.1  Single NC and single NO circuits        –         –         –         –         21-22

2.5.2  EOLR          –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         22-23

2.5.3  DEOLE       –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         23

2.6     Intruder Alarm Functions –         –         –         –         –         –         24-26

2.7     Basic Intruder Alarm Rules       –         –         –         –         –         26-28

CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHOD

3.1 Materials          –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         29

3.2 Method  –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         29-31

CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Results   –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         32

4.2 Discussion       –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         32-33

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 Summary         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         34

5.2 Conclusion       –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         35

5.3 Recommendation       –         –         –         –         –         –         –         35-36

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Throughout history, human have sought to protect their life and property. A simple intruder alarm system consists of a control panel (with rechargeable battery power backup, and internal or external keypads), several perimeter and interior intrusion detectors, and at least, one external sounder.

The busy lifestyle of people is leading to the necessity of controlling the devices at hoe remotely and increasing the necessity of keeping surveillance over the home. The need to have home protection gadgets that will alert home owners against intruders cannot be overemphasized considering the alarming rate of insecurity in Nigeria and indeed other countries all over the world in the last few decades.

The project installation and use of security alarm system for intrusion is massively present in our own homes and work facilities. The control unit comprises of Atmerya8L micro controller with its associated circuits like the resistors, the present, connectors.

The BELL signal is the first output signal from the alarm control panel, and is used for triggering the alarm sounder devices.

The STROBE signal is the second output from the alarm control panel, and will enable the flash lamps from the external sounder.

VBAT and GND are the power source terminals for the alarm control and the external sounder.

TR (“Tamper Return”) is the external sounder output signal, indicating an opened sound cover tamper.

This data from the sensors is continually processed by the microcontroller and an alert is sent to the mobile station if something is sensed or something reaches beyond the limit of proximity.

The study is geared towards design and implantation of an intruder system with SMS alert at a very low cost using similar approach but different control units sensors. It objectives are geared at combining security system technology and GSM technology. The function of sms is to inform the user of any intrusion in the absence of the owner in real time. The sensor is a light defendant resistor (LDR). The GSM technology is used for SMS notification to use mobile phone.

Fire and burglar are detected by TR sensor mounted on the window and doors. The system can be connected to internet to monitor the security of the home from anywhere in the world (Bangali and Arvind, 2013b) established a faced that GSM/SMS based security system provides improved home security. On detection of any intrusions by sensor from theft, leaking of raw gas and fire, the system sounds alarm and sends out sms to the owner through the emergency number which is provided to the system sound alarm take appropriate action. The short notification message will be sent using AT (attention command) it collects information from the sensors and send SMS to the corresponding number by using GSM module. Similarly, Ikapre et al. (2014) proposed an advanced security guard with PIR sensor for wireless home security system which switches ON and OFF electrical appliances based on SMS received through the GSM moderm of the user. An alert is sent to program mobile device through GSM in case of unpleasant intrusion. ATmega microcontroller. Continuously fetched signal sim 900a and other electronic devices for home security.

1.2 Aim and Objective of the Study

The aim and objective of this  research is to construct a touch device that can alert properties owners of an intruder.

1.3 Scope and limitation of the study

 This research is limited to only construction of intruder touch alarm circuit due to finance and time wasted.

1.4 Definition of Some Terms

Touch: This is the act or an instance of something coming into contact with the body.

Alarm: this is warning sound: signal for attention.