TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page    –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         i

Certification –        –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         ii

Dedication   –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         iii

Acknowledgments –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         iv

Table of Contents –          –         –         –         –         –         –         –         v-vi

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction –         –         –         –         –         –         –         1-2

Chapter Two

2.0 Concept of Land Management –         –         –         –         –         3-4

2.1 Significant of Land Management –         –         –         –         5-6

2.2 Challenges of Land Management –         –         –         –         6-9

2.3 Waste Hierarchy- –         –         –         –         –         –         –         9

2.4 Life-Cycle of a Product –         –         –         –         –         –         9-10

2.5 Resource Efficiency –         –         –         –         –         –         10

2.5 Waste Handling and Transport – –         –         –         –         10-11

2.6 Solid Waste Management in Nigeria    –      –         –         –         11-12

Chapter Three

3.0 Waste Disposal Method – – –         –         –         –         –         13-14

3.1 Recycling of Waste –         –         –         –         –         –         15-16

3.2 Re-Use of Waste –         –         –         –         –         –         –         16-19

3.3 Liquid Waste Management –         –         –         –         –         19-20

3.4 Framework for Land Management –         –         –         –         21

3.5 Benefit/Important of Waste Management –         –         –         21

3.6 Benefits of Waste Management – –         –         –         –         21-22

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 Summary and Conclusion – –         –         –         –         –         23

4.1 Summary –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         23-24

4.2 Conclusion – –         –         –         –         –         –         –         24

References

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction

Land management is the process of managing the use and development (in both urban and rural settings) of land resources. Land resources are used for variety of purposes which may include organic agriculture, refore station, water resource management and ecotourism projects. Land management can have positive or negative effects on the terrestrial ecosystems. Land being over – or misused can degrade and reduce productivity and disrupt natural equilibriums (Davidson, 2011).

Waste management (or waste disposal) are the activities and actions required to manage waste from its inception to its final disposal (Omole et al., 2013). This includes the collection transport, treatment and disposal of waste together with monitoring and regulation of the waste management process.

Waste can be solid, liquid, or gas and each type has different methods of disposal and management. Waste management deals with all types of waste, including industrial, biological and household. In some cases, waste can pose a threat to human health (Pheby et al., 2002). Waste is produced by human activity, for example, the extraction and processing of raw materials. Waste management is intended to reduce adverse effect of waste on human health, the environment or aesthetics.

Waste management practice are not uniform among countries (developed and developing nations), regions (urban and rural areas), and residential and industrial sectors can all take different approaches (Swedberg, 2014).

A large portion of waste management practices all with municipal solid waste (MSW) which is the bulk of the waste that is created by household, industrial, and commercial activity.

Waste is any substance which is discarded and of no uses. Waste has existed since the beginning of time. Before recorded history, this waste decomposed in small quantities according to a natural cycle (Barbalace, 2003).